Exploiter UniFi : sauvegardes, mises à jour, SIEM et inventaire par API

<#
.SYNOPSIS
    Read-only inventory of a UniFi Network application through the official
    UniFi Network Integration API (sites, devices, clients, networks and,
    optionally, firewall zones and policies). Exports one CSV per object type.

.DESCRIPTION
    The script only sends HTTP GET requests to the documented endpoints of the
    UniFi Network API (developer.ui.com, Network API v10.6.106):
        GET /v1/info
        GET /v1/sites
        GET /v1/sites/{siteId}/devices
        GET /v1/sites/{siteId}/clients
        GET /v1/sites/{siteId}/networks
        GET /v1/sites/{siteId}/firewall/zones      (with -IncludeFirewall)
        GET /v1/sites/{siteId}/firewall/policies   (with -IncludeFirewall)
    It never creates, updates or deletes anything on the console.

    Two connection modes are supported, matching the two server URLs published
    in the official OpenAPI specification:
      - Local   : https://<ConsoleHost>/proxy/network/integration
      - Remote  : https://api.ui.com/v1/connector/consoles/<ConsoleId>/proxy/network/integration
    Authentication uses an API key sent in the X-API-Key header. For the local
    mode, create the key in the Integrations section of the local UniFi Network
    application; for the remote mode, use a key created in UniFi Site Manager.

    Results are paginated by the API (offset/limit, limit max 200); the script
    follows totalCount until every item has been read.

.PARAMETER ConsoleHost
    IP address or FQDN of the UniFi console for the local mode, optionally with
    a port (for example 192.168.1.1 or unifi.example.local:443).

.PARAMETER ConsoleId
    Console ID for the remote mode through the Site Manager Cloud Connector.

.PARAMETER ApiKey
    API key as a SecureString. If omitted, the script reads the environment
    variable UNIFI_API_KEY, then prompts for the key.

.PARAMETER OutputDirectory
    Folder for the CSV files. Created if missing. Defaults to the current folder.

.PARAMETER PageSize
    Number of items requested per page (1 to 200). Defaults to 200.

.PARAMETER IncludeFirewall
    Also exports firewall zones and firewall policies (read-only GET calls).

.PARAMETER SkipCertificateCheck
    Accepts the self-signed certificate of a local console. Use only on a
    trusted management network. On PowerShell 7 this maps to the
    -SkipCertificateCheck parameter of Invoke-RestMethod; on Windows
    PowerShell 5.1 a temporary certificate validation callback is used and the
    previous callback is restored when the script ends.

.EXAMPLE
    $key = Read-Host -AsSecureString -Prompt 'UniFi API key'
    .\Get-UniFiInventory.ps1 -ConsoleHost 192.168.1.1 -ApiKey $key -SkipCertificateCheck -OutputDirectory C:\Audit\UniFi

.EXAMPLE
    $env:UNIFI_API_KEY = '<key>'   # session only, do not store in scripts
    .\Get-UniFiInventory.ps1 -ConsoleId '<console-id>' -IncludeFirewall

.NOTES
    Version : 1.0 (2026-10-26)
    Target  : UniFi Network API as documented for UniFi Network 10.6.106 on developer.ui.com
    Runtime : Windows PowerShell 5.1 and PowerShell 7.x
    Status  : parsed and checked with PSScriptAnalyzer; not executed against a
              UniFi console by the author. Test it on a lab site first.
    Read-only: GET requests only.
    Source: ANYSYS ICT, https://www.anysys.be/articles/
#>
[CmdletBinding(DefaultParameterSetName = 'Local')]
param(
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true, ParameterSetName = 'Local')]
    [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()]
    [string]$ConsoleHost,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true, ParameterSetName = 'Remote')]
    [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()]
    [string]$ConsoleId,

    [System.Security.SecureString]$ApiKey,

    [string]$OutputDirectory = (Get-Location).Path,

    [ValidateRange(1, 200)]
    [int]$PageSize = 200,

    [switch]$IncludeFirewall,

    [switch]$SkipCertificateCheck
)

Set-StrictMode -Version 2.0
$ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Resolve the API key (parameter, then environment variable, then prompt)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
if (-not $ApiKey) {
    if ($env:UNIFI_API_KEY) {
        $ApiKey = New-Object System.Security.SecureString
        foreach ($ch in $env:UNIFI_API_KEY.ToCharArray()) { $ApiKey.AppendChar($ch) }
        $ApiKey.MakeReadOnly()
    }
    else {
        $ApiKey = Read-Host -AsSecureString -Prompt 'UniFi API key'
    }
}

function ConvertTo-PlainText {
    param([Parameter(Mandatory = $true)][System.Security.SecureString]$Secure)
    $bstr = [System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::SecureStringToBSTR($Secure)
    try { return [System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::PtrToStringBSTR($bstr) }
    finally { [System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::ZeroFreeBSTR($bstr) }
}

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Base URL (both forms come from the "servers" section of the OpenAPI spec)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
if ($PSCmdlet.ParameterSetName -eq 'Local') {
    $baseUrl = 'https://{0}/proxy/network/integration' -f $ConsoleHost.TrimEnd('/')
    $target = $ConsoleHost
}
else {
    $baseUrl = 'https://api.ui.com/v1/connector/consoles/{0}/proxy/network/integration' -f $ConsoleId
    $target = "console $ConsoleId (Cloud Connector)"
}

$isCore = $PSVersionTable.PSEdition -eq 'Core'
$pageLimit = $PageSize
$previousCallback = $null
$previousProtocol = $null

if (-not $isCore) {
    # Windows PowerShell 5.1: make sure TLS 1.2 is offered
    $previousProtocol = [System.Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol
    [System.Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = $previousProtocol -bor [System.Net.SecurityProtocolType]::Tls12
    if ($SkipCertificateCheck) {
        $previousCallback = [System.Net.ServicePointManager]::ServerCertificateValidationCallback
        [System.Net.ServicePointManager]::ServerCertificateValidationCallback = { $true }
    }
}

function Invoke-UniFiGet {
    <# Sends one GET request with the API key header; retries on HTTP 429. #>
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)][string]$Uri,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)][hashtable]$Headers
    )
    $params = @{ Uri = $Uri; Method = 'Get'; Headers = $Headers; ErrorAction = 'Stop' }
    if ($isCore -and $SkipCertificateCheck) { $params['SkipCertificateCheck'] = $true }

    for ($attempt = 1; $attempt -le 3; $attempt++) {
        try {
            return Invoke-RestMethod @params
        }
        catch {
            $status = $null
            $retryAfter = 5
            $response = Get-PropertyValue $_.Exception 'Response'
            if ($response) {
                $status = [int]$response.StatusCode
                try {
                    if ($isCore) {
                        # HttpResponseMessage (PowerShell 7)
                        $delta = $response.Headers.RetryAfter.Delta
                        if ($delta) { $retryAfter = [int][Math]::Ceiling($delta.TotalSeconds) }
                    }
                    else {
                        # HttpWebResponse (Windows PowerShell 5.1)
                        $ra = $response.Headers['Retry-After']
                        if ($ra) { $retryAfter = [int]("$ra".Trim()) }
                    }
                }
                catch { Write-Verbose 'No usable Retry-After header.' }
            }
            if ($status -eq 429 -and $attempt -lt 3) {
                Write-Warning "HTTP 429 on $Uri, waiting $retryAfter s (attempt $attempt of 3)."
                Start-Sleep -Seconds $retryAfter
                continue
            }
            $hint = switch ($status) {
                401 { 'API key missing or invalid.' }
                403 { 'API key valid but not allowed for this resource.' }
                404 { 'Endpoint not found: check the console address, the connection mode and the Network version.' }
                default { 'See the error message below.' }
            }
            throw "GET $Uri failed (HTTP $status). $hint $($_.Exception.Message)"
        }
    }
}

function Get-UniFiPagedItem {
    <# Reads every page of a list endpoint (offset/limit/totalCount). #>
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)][string]$Path,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)][hashtable]$Headers
    )
    $items = New-Object System.Collections.Generic.List[object]
    $offset = 0
    do {
        $uri = '{0}{1}?offset={2}&limit={3}' -f $baseUrl, $Path, $offset, $pageLimit
        $page = Invoke-UniFiGet -Uri $uri -Headers $Headers
        foreach ($item in @($page.data)) { $items.Add($item) }
        $count = [int]$page.count
        $total = [int64]$page.totalCount
        $offset += $count
        Write-Verbose ("{0}: {1}/{2}" -f $Path, $offset, $total)
    } while ($count -gt 0 -and $offset -lt $total)
    return , $items.ToArray()
}

function Get-PropertyValue {
    <# Returns a property value or $null when the property is absent (StrictMode safe). #>
    param($InputObject, [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)][string]$Name)
    if ($null -eq $InputObject) { return $null }
    $prop = $InputObject.PSObject.Properties[$Name]
    if ($prop) { return $prop.Value }
    return $null
}

function ConvertTo-IsoText {
    <# PowerShell 7 turns ISO 8601 strings into DateTime; keep a stable ISO text in the CSV. #>
    param($Value)
    if ($Value -is [datetime]) { return $Value.ToUniversalTime().ToString('yyyy-MM-ddTHH:mm:ssZ') }
    return $Value
}

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Main
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
$plainKey = ConvertTo-PlainText -Secure $ApiKey
$headers = @{ 'X-API-Key' = $plainKey; 'Accept' = 'application/json' }

try {
    if (-not (Test-Path -LiteralPath $OutputDirectory)) {
        New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $OutputDirectory -Force | Out-Null
    }
    $stamp = Get-Date -Format 'yyyyMMdd-HHmmss'

    $info = Invoke-UniFiGet -Uri ($baseUrl + '/v1/info') -Headers $headers
    $appVersion = Get-PropertyValue $info 'applicationVersion'
    Write-Host ("UniFi Network application {0} on {1}" -f $appVersion, $target)

    $sites = Get-UniFiPagedItem -Path '/v1/sites' -Headers $headers
    $siteRows = New-Object System.Collections.Generic.List[object]
    $deviceRows = New-Object System.Collections.Generic.List[object]
    $clientRows = New-Object System.Collections.Generic.List[object]
    $networkRows = New-Object System.Collections.Generic.List[object]
    $zoneRows = New-Object System.Collections.Generic.List[object]
    $policyRows = New-Object System.Collections.Generic.List[object]

    foreach ($site in $sites) {
        $siteId = $site.id
        $siteName = $site.name
        Write-Host "Site: $siteName ($siteId)"

        $devices = Get-UniFiPagedItem -Path "/v1/sites/$siteId/devices" -Headers $headers
        $deviceNames = @{}
        foreach ($d in $devices) {
            $deviceNames[[string]$d.id] = $d.name
            $deviceRows.Add([pscustomobject]@{
                    Site              = $siteName
                    Name              = $d.name
                    Model             = $d.model
                    State             = $d.state
                    IPAddress         = Get-PropertyValue $d 'ipAddress'
                    MACAddress        = Get-PropertyValue $d 'macAddress'
                    FirmwareVersion   = Get-PropertyValue $d 'firmwareVersion'
                    FirmwareUpdatable = Get-PropertyValue $d 'firmwareUpdatable'
                    Features          = (@(Get-PropertyValue $d 'features') -join ';')
                    Supported         = Get-PropertyValue $d 'supported'
                    DeviceId          = $d.id
                })
        }

        $clients = Get-UniFiPagedItem -Path "/v1/sites/$siteId/clients" -Headers $headers
        foreach ($c in $clients) {
            $uplinkId = [string](Get-PropertyValue $c 'uplinkDeviceId')
            $uplinkName = $null
            if ($uplinkId -and $deviceNames.ContainsKey($uplinkId)) { $uplinkName = $deviceNames[$uplinkId] }
            $clientRows.Add([pscustomobject]@{
                    Site        = $siteName
                    Name        = Get-PropertyValue $c 'name'
                    Type        = Get-PropertyValue $c 'type'
                    IPAddress   = Get-PropertyValue $c 'ipAddress'
                    MACAddress  = Get-PropertyValue $c 'macAddress'
                    ConnectedAt = ConvertTo-IsoText (Get-PropertyValue $c 'connectedAt')
                    UplinkName  = $uplinkName
                    UplinkId    = $uplinkId
                    ClientId    = $c.id
                })
        }

        $networks = Get-UniFiPagedItem -Path "/v1/sites/$siteId/networks" -Headers $headers
        foreach ($n in $networks) {
            $networkRows.Add([pscustomobject]@{
                    Site       = $siteName
                    Name       = $n.name
                    VlanId     = Get-PropertyValue $n 'vlanId'
                    Management = Get-PropertyValue $n 'management'
                    Enabled    = Get-PropertyValue $n 'enabled'
                    Default    = Get-PropertyValue $n 'default'
                    ZoneId     = Get-PropertyValue $n 'zoneId'
                    NetworkId  = $n.id
                })
        }

        if ($IncludeFirewall) {
            $zones = Get-UniFiPagedItem -Path "/v1/sites/$siteId/firewall/zones" -Headers $headers
            $zoneNames = @{}
            foreach ($z in $zones) {
                $zoneNames[[string]$z.id] = $z.name
                $zoneRows.Add([pscustomobject]@{
                        Site       = $siteName
                        Zone       = $z.name
                        Origin     = Get-PropertyValue (Get-PropertyValue $z 'metadata') 'origin'
                        NetworkIds = (@(Get-PropertyValue $z 'networkIds') -join ';')
                        ZoneId     = $z.id
                    })
            }
            $policies = Get-UniFiPagedItem -Path "/v1/sites/$siteId/firewall/policies" -Headers $headers
            foreach ($p in $policies) {
                $srcZone = [string](Get-PropertyValue (Get-PropertyValue $p 'source') 'zoneId')
                $dstZone = [string](Get-PropertyValue (Get-PropertyValue $p 'destination') 'zoneId')
                $policyRows.Add([pscustomobject]@{
                        Site            = $siteName
                        Index           = Get-PropertyValue $p 'index'
                        Name            = Get-PropertyValue $p 'name'
                        Enabled         = Get-PropertyValue $p 'enabled'
                        Action          = Get-PropertyValue (Get-PropertyValue $p 'action') 'type'
                        SourceZone      = $(if ($zoneNames.ContainsKey($srcZone)) { $zoneNames[$srcZone] } else { $srcZone })
                        DestinationZone = $(if ($zoneNames.ContainsKey($dstZone)) { $zoneNames[$dstZone] } else { $dstZone })
                        LoggingEnabled  = Get-PropertyValue $p 'loggingEnabled'
                        Origin          = Get-PropertyValue (Get-PropertyValue $p 'metadata') 'origin'
                        PolicyId        = $p.id
                    })
            }
        }

        $siteRows.Add([pscustomobject]@{
                Site               = $siteName
                InternalReference  = Get-PropertyValue $site 'internalReference'
                Devices            = @($devices).Count
                DevicesOffline     = @($devices | Where-Object { $_.state -ne 'ONLINE' }).Count
                FirmwareUpdatable  = @($devices | Where-Object { (Get-PropertyValue $_ 'firmwareUpdatable') -eq $true }).Count
                ConnectedClients   = @($clients).Count
                Networks           = @($networks).Count
                ApplicationVersion = $appVersion
                SiteId             = $siteId
            })
    }

    $exports = [ordered]@{
        'sites'    = $siteRows
        'devices'  = $deviceRows
        'clients'  = $clientRows
        'networks' = $networkRows
    }
    if ($IncludeFirewall) {
        $exports['firewall-zones'] = $zoneRows
        $exports['firewall-policies'] = $policyRows
    }

    foreach ($name in $exports.Keys) {
        $file = Join-Path $OutputDirectory ("unifi-{0}-{1}.csv" -f $name, $stamp)
        $rows = $exports[$name].ToArray()
        $rows | Export-Csv -LiteralPath $file -NoTypeInformation -Encoding UTF8
        Write-Host ("{0,-18} {1,6} rows -> {2}" -f $name, $rows.Length, $file)
    }

    $siteRows | Format-Table Site, Devices, DevicesOffline, FirmwareUpdatable, ConnectedClients, Networks -AutoSize
}
finally {
    $plainKey = $null
    $headers = $null
    if (-not $isCore) {
        if ($SkipCertificateCheck) {
            [System.Net.ServicePointManager]::ServerCertificateValidationCallback = $previousCallback
        }
        if ($null -ne $previousProtocol) {
            [System.Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = $previousProtocol
        }
    }
}